noun (common) (futsuumeishi)noun or participle which takes the aux. verb surutransitive verb biology culture;cultivation

noun (common) (futsuumeishi)noun or participle which takes the aux. verb surutransitive verb cultivation (of plants);growing;raising

noun (common) (futsuumeishi)noun or participle which takes the aux. verb surutransitive verb cultivation (e.g. of a skill);nurture (of democracy, national power, etc.);growth

noun (common) (futsuumeishi)noun or participle which takes the aux. verb suru clean (pure) culture